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 Reap the benefits of peer assessment of activities       able in the Faculty Guidebook, there is much scholarship
      before implementation (Step 16)                        to support the course design process; numerous articles are
                                                             also shown in Table 1.
   Enable performance in the course to be constantly
      improved through the design and implementation of      While courses are usually designed for a specific context,
      a course assessment system (Step 19)                   foundations and capstone courses are transferable across
                                                             disciplines. The design of processes for each of these are
   Meet any evaluation-based needs (grading and            discussed in additional modules: Designing a Foundations
      grades) through the design and implementation of a     Course (Newgren, 2007) and Creating a Capstone Course
      course evaluation system (Step 20)                     (El-Sayed & Beyerlein, 2007).Astrong example of a course
                                                             design document generated through the application of the
   Trigger creation of a course syllabus (presentation     Course Design Methodology is available for Foundations
      of selected aspects of the course design to students)  of Learning (4th ed.) (Redfield & Hurley Lawrence, 2009)
      (Step 21)                                              at www.pcrest2.com/fol4/cd.htm

The Course Design Handbook (Apple, Krumsieg &                Lessons are still being learned about how to strengthen
Beyerlein, 2006) provides an example of each of the steps    each of these steps to improve course quality in order to
as well as a presentation model of an activities table.      make possible both increased learning as well as stronger
                                                             evidence of that learning. Additionally, many of the steps
Scholarship on Course Design                                 in the Course Design Methodology have become the focus
                                                             of research in their own right, especially transformational
Section 2.4 of the Faculty Guidebook is titled, “Instruc-    learning, learning outcomes, performance criteria, learn-
tional Design” and between the modules in this section       ing activities, learning skills, performance measures, as-
and modules elsewhere in the book, there are many that       sessment systems, and methodologies.
further support or advance the course design process (Bey-
erlein, Holmes & Apple, 2007). These are correlated with
steps in the CDM in Table 1. In addition to what is avail-

References

   Apple, D .K. (1995). Teaching institute handbook. Corvallis, OR: Pacific Crest.

   Apple, D. K., Beyerlein, S. W., Leise, C., & Baehr, M. (2007). Classification of learning skills. In S. W. Beyerlein,
       C. Holmes, & D. K. Apple (Eds.), Faculty guidebook: A comprehensive tool for improving faculty performance
       (4th ed.). Lisle, IL: Pacific Crest.

   Apple, D. K., & Krumsieg, K. (2001). Curriculum design handbook. Corvallis, OR: Pacific Crest.

   Apple, D. K., Krumsieg, K., & Beyerlein, S. W. (2006). Course design handbook. Lisle, IL: Pacific Crest.

   Bargainnier, S. (2007). Fundamentals of rubrics. In S. W. Beyerlein, C. Holmes, & D. K. Apple (Eds.), Faculty
       guidebook: A comprehensive tool for improving faculty performance (4th ed.). Lisle, IL: Pacific Crest.

   Beyerlein, S. W., Davis, D., & Apple, D. K. (2007). Learning outcomes. In S. W. Beyerlein, C. Holmes, & D. K.
       Apple (Eds.), Faculty guidebook: A comprehensive tool for improving faculty performance (4th ed.). Lisle, IL:
       Pacific Crest.

   Beyerlein, S. W., Davis, D., Thompson, P., Gentili, K., & McKenzie, L. (2003). How universal are capstone design
       course outcomes? Paper presented at the American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference and
       Exposition.

   Beyerlein, S. W., Davis, D., Trevisan, M., Thompson, P., & Harrison, O. (2006). Assessment framework for capstone
       design courses. Paper presented at the American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference and
       Exposition.

   Beyerlein, S. W., Ford, M., & Apple, D. K. (1993). Using a learning process model to enhance learning with
       technology. Paper presented at the Frontiers in Education Conference, Washington, D.C.

   Beyerlein, S. W., Holmes, C., & Apple, D. K. (Eds.). (2007). Faculty guidebook: A comprehensive tool for improving
       faculty performance (4th ed.). [Previous editions from 2003.] Lisle, IL: Pacific Crest.

   Beyerlein, S. W., Klein, A., Tsang, E., Aller, B., Asumadu, J., Morgan, J., & Davis, D. (2003). Creating and using a

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